How to file a consumer complaint in India
Updated 2026-10 · General information, not legal advice.
The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 lets you claim a refund, replacement or compensation from any seller or service provider. Most cases settle before reaching the Commission, if you go step by step.
When to use this
- A refund or replacement has not come through
- A product is defective or not as described
- A service was poor, late or not given at all
Step by step
- 1
Write to the company
Email the grievance officer with your order number, dates and what you want. Online sellers must acknowledge within 48 hours and resolve within a month.
- 2
Call the National Consumer Helpline
Call 1915 or file at consumerhelpline.gov.in. The helpline takes your complaint to the company directly.
- 3
Send a legal notice
A notice from an advocate gives the company a final deadline, usually 15 days, before you go to the Commission.
- 4
File at the Consumer Commission
File online at the e-Jagriti portal in your own district. Claims up to ₹50 lakh go to the District Commission.
Key facts
- Time limit: 2 years from when the problem arose
- No filing fee for claims up to ₹5 lakh
- You can file without a lawyer
91% of all cases filed in district consumer commissions have been decided.
Source: NCDRC (opens in a new tab)Get your free action plan
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Common questions
Do I need a lawyer for a consumer complaint?
No. You can file yourself. Many people use an advocate for the legal notice and for complex cases.
Can I complain about an online purchase?
Yes. E-commerce sellers and platforms are covered, and you can file in your own district.