Consumer Protection Act, 2019 explained: your rights as a buyer
Updated 2026-10 · General information, not legal advice.
The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 replaced the 1986 law. It protects people who buy goods or services, including online, and sets up bodies that hear complaints and act against unfair trade.
When to use this
- You want to know your rights as a buyer
- You are not sure the law covers online shopping or a service
- You want to know where to complain and what the penalties are
Step by step
- 1
Know your six rights
The Act lists the right to safety, to be informed, to choose, to be heard, to seek redress and to consumer awareness.
- 2
See what it covers
Goods and services, including online sales, tele-shopping and direct selling. E-commerce platforms have duties under rules made for them.
- 3
Know who hears complaints
District, State and National Consumer Commissions hear disputes. The Central Consumer Protection Authority acts against unfair trade practices and misleading advertisements.
- 4
Use the right route
Complain to the seller, then the National Consumer Helpline, then file online at e-Jagriti. Mediation is also available.
Key facts
- Misleading advertisements can lead to a fine for the manufacturer or endorser, with higher penalties for repeat offences
- Time limit for a complaint is 2 years from when the problem arose
- There is no fee for claims up to ₹5 lakh
Get your free action plan
Tell us what happened. We show your options, draft the letters and track every deadline.
Common questions
Does the Act cover online shopping?
Yes. Online sales and platforms are covered.
Do I need a lawyer to use it?
No. You can file yourself.